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Hi everyone,
I’m a newcomer and this might be the first of numerous help demands (hopefully not too much!)!
my laptop is a Dell Inspiron 630m. It has 503Mo of RAM, a Pentium M processor and it’s 32bits.
Only very few linux distributions can work on it, and accessible for beginners. Antix is one of the few.I managed to install
it (Antix-21, the last version) and it works well.I can go on the internet but I can’t do the updates via Synaptic nor the terminal. I have a “403 forbidden” message for my IP address.
here is more information (sorry I didn’t manage to use the code button as described here (post 1543): https://www.antixforum.com/forums/topic/how-to-search-for-a-solution-when-you-have-a-antix-problem/ ):
Ava@antix:~ $ inxi -Fxxxrz System: Kernel: 4.9.0-279-antix.1-486-smp i686 bits: 32 compiler: gcc v: 10.2.1 Desktop: JWM 2.4.0 vt: 7 dm: N/A Distro: antiX-21_386-full Grup Yorum 31 October 2021 base: Debian GNU/Linux 11 (bullseye) Machine: Type: Portable System: Dell product: MXC051 v: N/A serial: <filter> Chassis: type: 8 serial: <filter> Mobo: Dell model: 0HC416 serial: <filter> BIOS: Dell v: A03 date: 01/01/2006 CPU: Info: Single Core model: Intel Pentium M bits: 32 type: MCP arch: M Dothan rev: 8 cache: L2: 2 MiB flags: nx pae sse sse2 bogomips: 3989 Speed: 2000 MHz min/max: 800/2000 MHz Core speed (MHz): 1: 2000 Graphics: Device-1: Intel Mobile 915GM/GMS/910GML Express Graphics vendor: Dell driver: i915 v: kernel bus-ID: 00:02.0 chip-ID: 8086:2592 class-ID: 0300 Display: x11 server: X.Org 1.20.11 driver: loaded: intel unloaded: fbdev,modesetting,vesa resolution: 1280x800~60Hz s-dpi: 96 OpenGL: renderer: Mesa DRI Intel 915GM x86/MMX/SSE2 v: 1.4 Mesa 20.3.5 direct render: Yes Audio: Device-1: Intel 82801FB/FBM/FR/FW/FRW High Definition Audio vendor: Dell driver: snd_hda_intel v: kernel bus-ID: 00:1b.0 chip-ID: 8086:2668 class-ID: 0403 Sound Server-1: ALSA v: k4.9.0-279-antix.1-486-smp running: yes Network: Device-1: Broadcom BCM4401-B0 100Base-TX vendor: Dell driver: b44 v: 2.0 port: bfa0 bus-ID: 02:00.0 chip-ID: 14e4:170c class-ID: 0200 Device-2: Intel PRO/Wireless 2200BG [Calexico2] Network driver: ipw2200 v: 1.2.2kmprq port: bfa0 bus-ID: 02:03.0 chip-ID: 8086:4220 class-ID: 0280 IF: eth0 state: up mac: <filter> IF-ID-1: eth1 state: down mac: <filter> Drives: Local Storage: total: 93.16 GiB used: 8.24 GiB (8.8%) ID-1: /dev/sda vendor: Seagate model: ST9100823A size: 93.16 GiB speed: <unknown> type: N/A serial: <filter> rev: 8.03 scheme: MBR Partition: ID-1: / size: 90.39 GiB used: 8.18 GiB (9.1%) fs: ext4 dev: /dev/sda1 Swap: ID-1: swap-1 type: partition size: 768 MiB used: 58.7 MiB (7.6%) priority: -1 dev: /dev/sda2 Sensors: System Temperatures: cpu: 48.0 C mobo: N/A Fan Speeds (RPM): cpu: 0 Repos: Packages: apt: 1591 Active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/antix.list 1: deb http://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/linux/distributions/mxlinux/packages/antix/bullseye bullseye main nosystemd nonfree Active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/bullseye-backports.list 1: deb http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye-backports main contrib non-free Active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/debian-stable-updates.list 1: deb http://ftp.fr.debian.org/debian/ bullseye-updates main contrib non-free Active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/debian.list 1: deb http://ftp.fr.debian.org/debian/ bullseye main contrib non-free 2: deb http://security.debian.org/ bullseye-security main contrib non-free No active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/various.list Info: Processes: 138 Uptime: 1h 59m wakeups: 3 Memory: 485.5 MiB used: 278.8 MiB (57.4%) Init: SysVinit v: 2.96 runlevel: 5 default: 5 Compilers: gcc: 10.2.1 alt: 10 Shell: Bash v: 5.1.4 running-in: roxterm inxi: 3.3.06Ava@antix:~ $ sudo apt-get update [sudo] Mot de passe de Ava : Atteint :1 http://security.debian.org bullseye-security InRelease Atteint :2 http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye-backports InRelease Atteint :3 http://ftp.fr.debian.org/debian bullseye-updates InRelease Atteint :4 http://ftp.fr.debian.org/debian bullseye InRelease Atteint :5 http://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/linux/distributions/mxlinux/packages/antix/bullseye bullseye InRelease Lecture des listes de paquets... FaitAva@antix:~ $ sudo apt-get upgrade Lecture des listes de paquets... Fait Construction de l'arbre des dépendances... Fait Lecture des informations d'état... Fait Vous pouvez lancer « apt --fix-broken install » pour corriger ces problèmes. Les paquets suivants contiennent des dépendances non satisfaites : gufw : Dépend: gir1.2-webkit2-4.0 mais il n'est pas installé Dépend: policykit-1 mais il n'est pas installé E: Dépendances non satisfaites. Essayez « apt --fix-broken install » sans paquet (ou indiquez une solution).Ava@antix:~ $ sudo apt --fix-broken install Lecture des listes de paquets... Fait Construction de l'arbre des dépendances... Fait Lecture des informations d'état... Fait Correction des dépendances... Fait Les paquets suivants ont été installés automatiquement et ne sont plus nécessaires : gir1.2-handy-1 libhandy-1-0 Veuillez utiliser « sudo apt autoremove » pour les supprimer. Les paquets supplémentaires suivants seront installés : gir1.2-javascriptcoregtk-4.0 gir1.2-webkit2-4.0 libjavascriptcoregtk-4.0-18 libwebkit2gtk-4.0-37 policykit-1 Paquets suggérés : xdg-desktop-portal-gtk Paquets recommandés : gstreamer1.0-gl gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad policykit-1-gnome | polkit-1-auth-agent Les NOUVEAUX paquets suivants seront installés : gir1.2-javascriptcoregtk-4.0 gir1.2-webkit2-4.0 libjavascriptcoregtk-4.0-18 libwebkit2gtk-4.0-37 policykit-1 0 mis à jour, 5 nouvellement installés, 0 à enlever et 57 non mis à jour. 1 partiellement installés ou enlevés. Il est nécessaire de prendre 18,9 Mo dans les archives. Après cette opération, 77,5 Mo d'espace disque supplémentaires seront utilisés. Souhaitez-vous continuer ? [O/n] o Err :1 http://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/linux/distributions/mxlinux/packages/antix/bullseye bullseye/nosystemd i386 libjavascriptcoregtk-4.0-18 i386 2.34.6-1~deb11u1.0nosystemd1 403 Forbidden [IP : 195.83.118.1 80] Err :2 http://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/linux/distributions/mxlinux/packages/antix/bullseye bullseye/nosystemd i386 gir1.2-javascriptcoregtk-4.0 i386 2.34.6-1~deb11u1.0nosystemd1 403 Forbidden [IP : 195.83.118.1 80] Err :3 http://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/linux/distributions/mxlinux/packages/antix/bullseye bullseye/nosystemd i386 libwebkit2gtk-4.0-37 i386 2.34.6-1~deb11u1.0nosystemd1 403 Forbidden [IP : 195.83.118.1 80] Err :4 http://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/linux/distributions/mxlinux/packages/antix/bullseye bullseye/nosystemd i386 gir1.2-webkit2-4.0 i386 2.34.6-1~deb11u1.0nosystemd1 403 Forbidden [IP : 195.83.118.1 80] Err :5 http://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/linux/distributions/mxlinux/packages/antix/bullseye bullseye/nosystemd i386 policykit-1 i386 0.105-31.1.0nosystemd0 403 Forbidden [IP : 195.83.118.1 80] E: Impossible de récupérer http://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/linux/distributions/mxlinux/packages/antix/bullseye/pool/nosystemd/w/webkit2gtk/libjavascriptcoregtk-4.0-18_2.34.6-1%7edeb11u1.0nosystemd1_i386.deb 403 Forbidden [IP : 195.83.118.1 80] E: Impossible de récupérer http://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/linux/distributions/mxlinux/packages/antix/bullseye/pool/nosystemd/w/webkit2gtk/gir1.2-javascriptcoregtk-4.0_2.34.6-1%7edeb11u1.0nosystemd1_i386.deb 403 Forbidden [IP : 195.83.118.1 80] E: Impossible de récupérer http://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/linux/distributions/mxlinux/packages/antix/bullseye/pool/nosystemd/w/webkit2gtk/libwebkit2gtk-4.0-37_2.34.6-1%7edeb11u1.0nosystemd1_i386.deb 403 Forbidden [IP : 195.83.118.1 80] E: Impossible de récupérer http://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/linux/distributions/mxlinux/packages/antix/bullseye/pool/nosystemd/w/webkit2gtk/gir1.2-webkit2-4.0_2.34.6-1%7edeb11u1.0nosystemd1_i386.deb 403 Forbidden [IP : 195.83.118.1 80] E: Impossible de récupérer http://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/linux/distributions/mxlinux/packages/antix/bullseye/pool/nosystemd/p/policykit-1/policykit-1_0.105-31.1.0nosystemd0_i386.deb 403 Forbidden [IP : 195.83.118.1 80] E: Impossible de récupérer certaines archives, peut-être devrez-vous lancer apt-get update ou essayer avec --fix-missing ?Ava@antix:~ $ --fix-missing bash: --fix-missing : commande introuvable Ava@antix:~ $**
Can you make your way through it even the procedure goes in french? otherwise you’ll have to explain the way to shift the terminal momentary to english if possible.Otherwise, I tried to look for some drivers on Dell website but they have nothing for linux.
The other day when I tried the procedure again, it seemed to work, it took more time before the error message. so I could look for the details and it was saying at some point “unable to initialize frontend Gnome. can’t locate Gtk3.pm in @inc (you may need to install the Gtk3 module)”.
So I wrote Gtk3 module on internet and went on pkgs.org. there seem to be a package available for x86 architecture but the procedure they proposed, which is: # dnf install PackageKit-gtk3-module, doesn’t work on the terminal.
It is probably not the right way to get it. And it might not be the real problem either because it was saying next than it used something else instead (Dialogue if I remember well?).It doesn’t seem to be linked to my internet connection either because I can access the web, and I tried the updates with another connection, I had the same 403 forbidden.
Also, I looked at this page: https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/208107/how-to-fix-synaptic-error-403-problem: should I do “sudo apt-get httping” as suggested?
Or maybe it is with my IP address. should it be fixed or DHCP?
Last tip I looked but isn’t sure is the right path (as I don’t understand what is said there): https://linuxaria.com/pills/mac-address-su-linux
Can you help me? Thanks in advance for your time.
ps: I know I know little… especially as English isn’t my mother-tongue, and neither is computer language! It takes a lot of energy to get rid of Microsoft, but it is worth it. I’m willing to learn, but please be pedagogical; sometimes I find it very difficult to understand the posts.
- This topic was modified 1 year ago by christophe.
- This topic was modified 1 year ago by caprea.
- This topic was modified 1 year ago by christophe. Reason: solved
Here is a historical summary of what has emerged in the operating system space during my adult lifetime:
While we’re on this subject, I want to mention once again that in this sphere of freely available software, especially the ones where all of the source code is available to inspect, use, modify, and adapt to specific uses, the REASON we have SO MANY distributions is PRIMARILY because collectively we have different preferences in the appearance, daily use cases, our former backgrounds, ethnic and ethic preferences, and more, therefore it is HELPFUL to have many different distributions for convenience; that way we don’t have to modify and customize a great percentage of the applications chosen, their behavior and their appearance. At the same time, when we CAN share as much as possible of their underlying technology, tools, and applications, perhaps even the kernel, it benefits us all.
Not long ago I took a look at the kernel preference settings and characteristics. For as much as antiX and MX Linux (and undoubtedly AV Linux as well), there were STILL quite a few parameters that differed; this is fine. I use both of them, I like both of them. Then there’s Debian. Though Debian wemt along with the Red Hat job and process scheduling approach, the very “controversial SystemD” that so many people here DETEST, this is merely one straightforward difference in an overall ecosystem that STILL SHARES much more in common than in difference.
Today, though our “arch rival” proprietary operating systems – those of proprietary giants Apple and Microsoft – certainly have significant differences, and the iOS and Android mobile technologies that have used much from the BSD (Apple & iOS) and Linux (Android) systems, all of them actually share a great deal of technology that dates CLEAR back to the sixties, when RCA, Honeywell, General Electric, AT&T, and Xerox, each contributed a great deal to what currently exists as either UNIX or Linux software.
Xerox created a large percentage (and most of the ideas) that have since become what we recognize as “Graphical User Environments”. AT&T did a LOT of work with research operating systems (as did International Business Machines, a.k.a. IBM). RCA, General Electric, and Honeywell didn’t get very far with commercial systems, nor did Xerox, but they sure made a difference. All of them are either former or current technology leaders. Not all of them knew how to take full advantage of their research and development; in the case of Xerox, they DID know how to license and SELL it, so in the short term, they earned something from their research investment, but did not personally gain all of the advantages or profits. Apple, with their early “MacIntosh” computers, were probably the first to learn and profit. Microsoft was slower off the mark initially, but later created graphical user interfaces; their early small computer systems were “command-based”, created on MSDOS, which began life in a very humble form, based on QDOS – an operating system that Microsoft purchased – “Quick and Dirty Operating System”. Digital Research had much more capable operating systems for small systems, but they also charged a premium for them, and after a while lost any advantage they held.
So we can criticize Apple and Microsoft all we want, but we have to give them a lot of credit for commoditization of small affordable computer systems. IBM had to “buy in” to the approach, working with Intel and Microsoft to produce an affordable system that ordinary people could use.
We can thank Tannebaum for creating an academic implementation of Minux, and then an inquisitive, fortunate hobby effort by Mr. Torvalds to create what became Linux, coupled with the rework of UNIX tools and utilities that are the GNU project.
Of course we love our free software. At the same time, I also appeal to everyone to let each person freely choose whether they want to use free or commercial software. If it’s free software, there are still a huge number of choices. Compared to what was available when I was still a student, this is a great and wonderful thing. Within all of this, we enjoy our light, nimble, efficient software called antiX, or our siblings, MX Linux and AV Linux. Each of these have important roles in allowing people of all types to have access to the information that has literally changed the world.
Now, for those who truly care, let’s use all of that information and change for good; let’s embrace people with different eyes, hair, skin, spoken language, and realize that we all breathe air, we all ingest food, generate waste, etc. We all bleed the same; let’s start appreciating both what we share in common and what also represents unique differences in each living person. I love that I can communicate, (sometimes through language translation software) with people all around the world. Regardless of our similarities or our differences, my wish is that we collectively share and create more things for our common good.
Warm greetings to everyone!
--
Brian MasinickWith antix linux 21 , I found it is always the case that we have to add startup service manually. With VScode, it cannot get connected/authenticated with github account automatically, does anyone knows how to fix this?
'Unknown or unsupported transport “disabled” for address “disabled:”'.
There is an vscode official guideline for this bug however, I still cannot find a good fix for this:
https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/editor/settings-sync#_troubleshooting-keychain-issues
https://github.com/microsoft/vscode/issues/120392#issuecomment-814210643The following two pointers show that this could be an issue with dbus-launch service and gnome-keyring, any way I can make sure that dbus-launch is working properly with VScode.
`$ echo $XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP
lsb_release -a
grep -rn ‘^\s*deb ‘ –include ‘*.list’ /etc/apt/
icewm
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Debian
Description: Debian GNU/Linux bookworm/sid
Release: 11-updates
Codename: n/a- This topic was modified 1 year ago by symbol. Reason: Edit the tag
How to test (and possibly install) antiX Linux, if you are a Windows user:
This is not the ideal place to present this how-to, because if you are reading this, you probably already are using antiX, but here it goes (you can show this text to someone that is curious about Linux or thinking about installing antiX, or that guy that is still running Windows XP on a laptop from the Stone Age)
**Some general notions:
-What is Linux?
Linux (technically, you should say GNU Linux) is used to refer to any Operating System that runs the Linux Kernel.-What is an Operating System?
An Operating System (OS for short) is the software that runs you computer and allows you to interface with it. Picture this: your computer is just a piece of hardware, like your TV. Without the Software to tell your hardware what to do, it’s useless, like a TV not plugged to anything. In this analogy, the Operating System is like the TV programming that you can see – you can only use a TV when it’s connected to something (cable, an antenna, a box, a console, etc). Just like you can only use a Computer when it has an Operating System.-Is Linux just like Windows?
They both are O.S.. You know of lots of O.S. already, even if you think you don’t- you know Windows (probably only Windows 10 and 11, if you are young, but there are lots of versions). Mac’s use their own O.S. – MacOS. Mobile devices use their own O.S.- android devices (phones, tablets, smart TV’s and smart TV boxes, even some e-book readers, like the Kindle Fire) use Android, Iphones and Ipads use IOS, old Nokia phones used Symbian OS, etc…
Linux is an OS, just like Windows is, but it has a few differences:
I mentioned Windows 10 and 11, and each one of these systems has Home and Pro versions- that makes 4 different Windows versions, right? But Microsoft still has Windows 8 (with Home and Pro versions). That’s 6 versions. You probably don’t know that each of those Windows also offers an Enterprise edition- so there are 9 different Windows versions (there are more than that, but there’s no need to get into more details).Linux? Linux has hundreds of Versions. Yes. I’m not exaggerating- many hundreds of versions. Each of those versions is called a Linux Distribution (Distro for short)
There are a few Linux “families”, from which many Distros derive from. One of the most used “families” is Debian. But there’s also Arch, Suse, Red Hat, and more.
You probably never heard about Debian. But if you ever heard about Linux, you probably heard about Ubuntu, or Linux Mint or MX Linux. Those “Distros” are based in Debian. In fact Ubuntu is based in Debian and Mint is based in Ubuntu. And there are Distros based in Mint…And while each Windows version (8, 10 and 11) has it’s own User Interface (UI), Linux has many possible interfaces.
There are Desktop Environments (DE) – that include most of what the user perceives as the OS- the window management system, the toolbar, the menu system, the notification system, the video compositor, the log-in manager, the application “store”, etc. Some examples of the most used DE’s are KDE, Gnome and XFCE… But there are also OS that don’t waste system resources running a complete DE, but use only (floating) Window Managers (WM) – different programs that draw and manage the windows of everything the user sees in the OS. Some examples of floating Window Managers are Fluxbox, IceWM, JWM (antiX includes all three of them) and Openbox. Another option are Tilling Window Managers (like Herbstluftwm, that antiX also includes)- that usually open windows either in full screen or in some predefined or manually selected size (ex: half screen, a quarter of the screen, etc), to maximize the usage of screen real-state, and usually are keyboard driven…
DE’s and WM’s are flexible and can be configured to look just like anything – they can be made to resemble (or “clone”) Windows 98, Windows XP, Windows 10, Windows 11, different versions of MacOS, Android, some mix of those interfaces or something completely new and never seen before…
That’s why almost no two Linux distros look exactly the same…
Programs are installed in the different Linux “families” (not the exact term)- Debian, Arch, Red Hat, Void Linux, using different Packaging… Debian (and Ubuntu and antiX) for example, packages software in .deb packages. Windows packages software in .msi packages…
Packages in one file format usually can’t be installed in a Distro that uses a different packaging system (ex: a .rpm package can’t be installed in a Debian system, like antiX).
There are also some universal file packages- like appimages, flatpaks and snaps (snaps are not compatible with antiX), meant to run in almost every possible Linux System… Appimages are the Linux equivalent of portable applications, in Windows (one single compressed and self extracting file that includes almost everything the application needs to run).So… Is Linux just like Windows?… it can be, or it can be something completely different…
Also despite applications made for a system not being compatible with a different system, Linux has software that allows it to run many applications made exclusively for Windows – WINE and Proton (that is derived from WINE and meant to run Windows only games in Linux). Currently Proton allows Linux users to play thousands of games made for Windows. Wine allows some Windows only applications (even including versions of MS Office and Photoshop) to run in Linux, although sometimes not perfectly…
Almost 100% of DOS software can run in Linux using an emulator called DosBox ( included, out of the box in antiX Full).-Why are there so many Linux Distributions?
Because Linux is not just free (hell, Windows 10 and 11 are usually “free”, you can use unlicensed- and limited versions- for private use and MS will do nothing against you, even if you are not exactly complying with their User License Agreement)… Linux is Open Source – that means that it’s code is publicly available- that you can do what you want with it (according to different Open Source Licenses), copy it, change it, adapt it to do what you want, usually the only drawback is that the end result of those changes has to also use the same Open Source licenses.
So, when someone needed an OS to manage a Server, a Linux Distro was created for that…
Do you need an OS that is meant to be just a media player, to stream audio and video? a Linux Distro was made for that…
So you need an OS that is free and looks just like Windows 98? A Linux Distro was made for that too…
And you want an OS that looks just like Windows 10 or 11? You guessed it, there are Linux Distros that do that…
And you want a MacOS clone? There are Linux Distros like that…
Do you want to use your computer mainly for gaming, like a Console- just turn on the computer and access your games? There are Linux Distros for that…
Are you Russian? Or Chinese? Or Korean? Or Portuguese?… and want an OS tailored for your particular language and needs? Those Linux Distros already exist!
Are you an “Anna Montana” fan and want an OS just around that? Someone created one such Linux Distro…
Do you have a computer that is old and want to keep it working? Someone made a Linux Distro like that. Several, in fact. One of them, and the best, in my particular opinion, is antiX Linux. antiX is a GNU Linux Operating System based on Debian (antiX 21 is based on Debian 11)--Why use antiX?
antiX was made to keep very old computers still useful. Even computers that are 20 years old (or even more) can be used to navigate web pages, stream YouTube videos, listen to music, view videos, read e-books or pdf’s, use office suites (that are extremely compatible with Ms Office), write/read e-mails, use instant messaging services, play casual games, play vintage DOS and Windows games, etc…
And if extremely old computers can run antiX, most extremely modern computer can too. Picture this: you can have a computer with a single core CPU, and less than 1gb of RAM that allows you to navigate the Web using a modern browser, have a word processor open and listen to radio/mp3 files, and have a File Manager running, and a Solitaire card game running and still have free RAM. Modern Windows OS need more than 1gb of RAM just to simply run the system itself…
And if you can run all that with a single CPU and less than 1 gb of RAM, if you are running antiX on a system with more than 1 CPU and more than 1gb of RAM, those resources are free to be used to perform any task you need.
Linux is not really magic, not even antiX – it can’t make a 20 years old computer play the latest Tomb Raider game in full HD, at 60 frames per second… That requires simply more processing power than that device has. But you can use antiX on a computer that is over 10 years old and use the modern Web. Do you know what runs on the modern web? Streaming Games Platforms, like Google Stadia and Xbox. If your computer has resources enough to run those webpages, then you *can* play the latest Tomb Raider, almost like you were using a latest generation gaming console.
You can use antiX for work- if you work on-line (using on-line office suites, etc)- you can use probably the crappiest 64bits computer with at least 1gb of RAM (if your computer has more than 1 CPU core and more than 1 gb of RAM, it’s a safe bet that you can run anything the modern Web throws at you, at least at the time I’m writing this), and most existing Linux applications.
You can use streaming video services like Netflix (if your computer is running a 64bits antiX version, because Google, that provides the software that allows browser to access DRM streaming video has blocked 32bits Linux OS from using it, on the latest upgrade).
If your computer has enough resources you can even play thousands of Windows only games- some running better than in Windows it self.
If you need a particular piece of software that can run on Linux, then you have no need to use any other OS.
Also, because the Linux source code is Open Source – any bugs or frailties it may have, tend to be patched faster than in closed sources OS- there are thousands of programmers looking at (“inspecting”) the Linux source code- some are criminals, looking for something they can exploit… but for every criminal there are many honest persons that report and problem and help fix it. Also, in an Open Source OS, people do know what the system is doing… How can you know, for example, if your system is logging every single character you type, or sending every single web site you visit to a server somewhere? Well, on a closed source system, you never know (unless someone with inside knowledge or gathering info from indirect means, like monitoring network connections, warns the public), but on the Open Source world, someone, sooner rather than later, catches on to what the code is doing and rings the alarm in no time – so Open Source software tends not only to have more Security but also to be more Privacy respecting. Even if a particular Open Source application does not respect your privacy, someone will pick up it’s source code and create a new, more privacy respecting version of the same application… (a new version of an application, based on it’s source code but with a different name is called a “fork“, and it happens all the time, in the Open Source World, and for many reasons, some as trivial as just changing the application name that you just don’t like)-Who should not use antiX
If you are perfectly happy with the OS you are running (Windows or any other Linux Distro), stick to it.
If a particular piece of hardware (a printer, a scanner, a card reader, etc) only has drivers (software that allows a device to work with a computer) for your current OS, stick to it. You can’t demand that “Linux has to make xyz work” – There is no single magic “Linux” developer that does that because manufacturers of devices are responsible for the creation of the drivers they need – since they alone know exactly how the hardware they produce works. [HP printers, for example, work great in Linux. Nvidia, on the other hand, refuses to make their drivers open source and the drivers they currently make available for Linux are inferior to those available for Windows]
If you need a particular piece of software that is not (yet) available under Linux: like MS Excel Macros, Adobe Photoshop, CAD or accounting software, certain games etc – don’t use Linux, or, at the very least, have a dual boot system (more on that below). More advanced users, and with powerful enough computers can run a virtual MS Windows version inside Linux – but that usually is much slower than running Windows directly. There are free and open source alternatives for most commercial applications.
But “alternatives” are not the same as the “real deal” – if you spent years learning to be proficient in Photoshop, it probably won’t be efficient relearning how to do your work in Gimp, even that allows you to save software subscription fees…–“It sounds great! How do I try antiX Linux?” you may ask…
Well most Linux Distros (antiX included) allow you do to something that you probably are not used to- they can run without even being installed!
It may seem strange, but that’s true. You can “boot” (this means to starting running the system) your computer from a CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, pen-drive or external hard-drive, that has the antiX system saved in a particular way that allows you computer to start from it, and run the system. It behaves just like the real installed system (but it may run way slower if you are running it from CD/DVD or very slow USB devices) – this is called a “live” system.
There is a special way to save the antiX system to USB devices (pen-drives and external hard drives) that allows you to save any changes that you do- you can create documents, install applications, etc, just like in a “installed system”. This is called “persistence” (the changes you make persist even across reboots, even if you plug your pen-drive on a different computer, etc).Once you are running an antiX live system, you have the option to install it to your hard drive.
To do all that you do need to follow some steps that may require that you understand some principles and can perform some actions. There is no single Manual that says- just do this…
**1- Downloading antiX:
1.1- Please note that this tutorial assumes that you are a Windows user (probably a Windows 10 user). Open your web browser and navigate to the antix download page: https://antixlinux.com/download/ and pick the server nearest to you (so you can download the needed files faster)
1.2- You’ll see a simple web page that lists lots of files. You need to select which file you want to download – currently the latest version is antiX 21, so pick one that starts with “antiX-21″… If you have a very old computer, that is 32bits, you’ll have to select a file that has “_386” on the name. Most users can select the 64bits version (that has “x64” on the file name). Each version of antiX comes in a few flavours- “Full” includes most of the stuff you may need- select that one if you intend to install/test antiX using a DVD-ROM or an USB pen drive.
The file you want to download has the “.iso” extension, that is about 1.4Gb
Example – download the file “https://ftp.di.uminho.pt/pub/mxlinux/ISOs/ANTIX/Final/antiX-21/antiX-21_x64-full.iso”
Wait until the file is downloaded, it may take a while on a slow network connection.Checking the integrity of the .iso file– The other (tiny) files that have similar names to the iso are meant to confirm if the .iso file you downloaded is not corrupted- If you don’t know how to do this (fully optional) step , you can read how to check the integrity of the .iso file you downloaded here: https://antixlinuxfan.miraheze.org/wiki/How_to_install#Verification_of_the_integrity_of_the_ISO_file
Please note that probably most failed OS installations are due to trying to install from corrupted .iso’s!!!**2- “Burning” antiX to a bootable media:
Note: If you are using an extremely old computer, it may not support booting directly from an USB device, only from CD/DVD. On the other side, more modern devices don’t even come with an optical drive!
2.1- You’ll have to save the .iso file you downloaded to a blank CD_ROM/DVD-ROM or pen drive. This process is called “burn” – the expression comes from the CD-ROM days (before USB pen-drives)- info was “burned” into the reflective surface of the disk using a laser. Sometimes the same expression is still used, even when saving iso images to USB pen-drives…
This is were things may begin to differ from user to user…
2.1.1- If you are “burning” the iso file to a CD-ROM/DVD-ROM – insert your disk in the CD/DVD recorder and open the software you use to “burn” disks. Select the option to burn an iso file and select the antiX .iso file you downloaded. Wait for iso file to be saved to the disk…
2.1.2– If you are “burning” the iso file to an USB pen-drive/external disk – insert the device you want to use. WARNING – this process ERASES ALL INFORMATION ON THE USB DEVICE!!! – and use an application that “burns” isos to pen-drive. In Windows you can use, for example Etcher (available here: https://www.etchersoft.com/download/#). You have to make sure you have Etcher or a similar application installed and open it. Select the option to burn your antiX .iso file to the USB device and wait until the process is finished.
NOTE: Even if you don’t have a computer with a working OS, you can download the .iso and create a USB bootable pendrive using an android device – there’s a short, but very nice tutorial on how to do that here (by Moddit): https://www.antixforum.com/forums/topic/create-live-media-with-smartphone-successful/#post-79573**3: Booting into antiX live media
This step differs even more from user to user, depending on the computer that is being used. You may have to configure the computer to boot (to start running the system) from the optical disk/pendrive where you burned antiX…
3.1- Exit your system, completely shutting it down. In Windows 10 you have to hold down the SHIFT key on your keyboard and click the “Shut down” option in the Windows Start Menu (or on the log in screen)
3.2- Boot your computer.
3.2.1- In case your computer is already configured to boot from the media that you saved the antiX iso to, it will display the antiX boot screen. If that happens, jump to step 4.
3.2.2.- If you just see the regular Windows boot screen, you’ll have to let Windows boot and exit it again, repeating step 3.1.
Boot your computer and again and see if the boot screen, that shows up for some moments before the Windows screen says something about about pressing a key to enter the “boot menu/device/etc”. If it does, press that key, before the Windows Screen pops up, and select to boot from the media here you burned the antiX iso in (the optical disk or USB device). If you are successful, the computer will display the antiX boot screen. If that happens, jump to step 4.
3.2.3- If when your computer boots it does not display any indication on how to select “boot menu/device/etc” it will probably tell you to press a certain key to configure the device’s motherboard options.
Once you enter the motherboard options menu, be very careful – don’t change anything unless it’s about “boot devices” “boot order” or something similar – take notes about that the default setting is (or take a picture with your phone).
Change the boot order so the computer first tries to boot from the optical drive or the USB device (if you burned antiX to a DVD select the DVD as the first boot device, if you burned antiX to a pen-drive, select the USB device related entry first). Make sure that after the second boot device is your hard drive. Select the option to save the changes you just made (again, the way to do that depends on your computer’s brand and model) and reboot.NOTE: The keys regularly used to enter the boot option/boot configuration are F8, F10, F12, etc- you can search for that info on your computer’s user manual or on-line.
**4: Running antiX in live mode and possibly installing it:
By default, the system boots in English. If you wish to use some other language, press the F2 key and, using the keyboard, select your language.
antiX 21 has 2 Kernels to boot from- a Legacy kernel (for older devices) and a Modern Kernel (for newer devices). The first boot screen allows you to choose which kernel you want antiX to use. Usually go with the default option, then you’ll reach the second, and main, boot screen, with more options- if you don’t want to change any setting (don’t do it unless you really have to), or after you select your language (if don’t want to use English), press enter on the first option on the menu (“Normal Boot”), to start loading antiX.
P.S.- There’s a Youtube video that shows the boot and install process: https://youtu.be/5z-SYlouQZM?t=10 (you only need to see the video from the 10 seconds mark until the 5 minutes mark. Yes, just 5 minutes to boot antiX for the first time, take a look at the menu, install it and reboot the computer to the newly installed antiX 21 OS – it probably will take you longer to read the rest of this tutorial than to view the relevant part of that video…)
4.1- Loading antiX – when loading antiX from a “live” media, the boot process is different from when you are using an “installed” antiX system. In the “live” boot, you get to see some text roll by and then a simple GUI that shows one line on the middle of the screen that tells you what is happening.4.2- Using antiX “live” – after some moments, you’ll see the antiX desktop – it’s similar to Windows – it has a toolbar on the bottom, with a clock on the right side, you see a wallpaper, and desktop icons. If you are using the default settings, there is also a menu button on the left side of the toolbar, that you can click to access the menu. It’s, in the default antiX settings, a Category driven menu, that has a few generic entries – like Web browser, etc, and then all applications are organized into categories, inside de “Applications” menu entry.
You can configure your Wi-Fi network (if need be) and test the web browser (the compass looking icon, on the toolbar).
If you are using an USB antiX bootable media and you burned the iso in such a way that it can store changes, you can save files to a special folder on the “demo” user folder.
If you want to use real persistence, you’ll have to configure that option (there are how-to’s on that, on the forum and the antiX wiki)4.3- Installing antiX – You can, at any point, when using antiX in Live mode, install antiX to your hard drive.
To start installing antiX click the “Install” icon available in the default antiX desktop (it looks like a CD with an arrow pointing down). You can also start the installer using the antiX Menu > Control Centre > Disks Tab > Install antiX Linux.
If you choose to install antiX, first you’ll have to confirm (or change) the keyboard settings. Then you are given the choice to which disk you want to install to (only if you have more than one hard drive) and to do a “Regular install using the entire disk” or “Customize the disk layout”.
This last option allows you to keep your current system -Windows and all your existing files and documents and install antiX side by side. If you do that, it’s called “Dual booting“- every time you reboot your computer you can select if you want to use antiX or Windows. But that process is relatively complex. Don’t do it without making sure to backup every important file you have in your computer!!!
WARNING 1: if you select the option to install to the entire hard drive your hard drive will be formatted and everything that’s on it erased! (I’m simplifying for all you Windows users, but take this warning seriously)
WARNING 2: If you want to run antiX side by side with Windows and/or keep the files you currently have on your hard disk and you don’t know how to create or manage disk partitions, ask the help of some computer savvy person- run antiX live all you want but don’t try to install it if you have stuff you want to keep from your old system and don’t have backups.
After this selection regarding the hard drive partitions, the installer is extremely easy to use – just answer the questions you are asked.
[Note: when answering the following questions, the install process will continue. If you are a slow typist there’s a good chance that, when you answered every thing, the installation is done or very close to being done…]
Select your “Computer name” and “Computer Domain” (choose any names you want)
Select your username and password,
You’ll be asked if you want to “Auto-login” – if you don’t choose this option, you’ll have to enter your password each time you turn on your computer.
You will also be asked if you want to setup a “Root (administrator) account”– if this is enabled, you’ll be asked to enter your root password every time you want to do any major change to your computer – like installing or removing software or changing some important setting- it’s a very nice security feature.
Basically the installer asks the same simple questions, that you are used to if you ever installed Windows or bought a computer with Windows pre-installed and had to set the system up.
Save live desktop changes: If you choose this option, you can keep all the changes you made in the Live session (the language selection, any package you installed, the Wi-Fi configuration, etc).
You can also keep using the Live session after you install antiX to your hard drive or select the option “Automatically reboot the system when the installer is closed”**5- Exiting Live mode
5- If you don’t want to run antiX in live mode (either because you installed it to your hard drive OR you want to use Windows, remember to remove the media you are using to boot into antiX live (the USB device or the optical disk) before rebooting your computer:
5.1- If you are using a pen-drive – shut down your computer using the exit menu options. Once the computer is completely off, you can remove the USB device and reboot your computer.
5.2- If you are using an optical disk (CD-ROM or DVD-ROM)- shutdown antiX and usually the optical disk is ejected. (If it’s not ejected, for some reason, when rebooting the computer, eject the optical disk, so it can boot into the internal drive).If you did a dual boot installation, when you boot your computer, you’ll be able to select if you want to run antiX or Windows.
If you did a full disk install, you’ll only have several options to boot antiX
If you did not install antiX, when you boot your computer (and don’t have the antiX live boot media inserted in your computer), you’ll run Windows.Note: some motherboards (I have one of those), when you press the key to select the boot device, require you to set the boot order back to first try to boot from the hard drive, once you want to reboot from the hard drive…
P.
- This topic was modified 1 year, 1 month ago by PPC.
- This topic was modified 1 year, 1 month ago by PPC.
- This topic was modified 1 year, 1 month ago by PPC.
I should be clear, my wife isn’t a technical wiz, and has a former gaming desktop from about 2010 or so that runs Win/10 and was setup by, and has been maintained by my son.
Well my son has moved out, and it seems that every time she goes looking for Swedish meatballs recipes she ends up on a screen telling her the computer has been infected by a few viruses and to call Microsoft at such and such a number, etc. It all looks very real and official, and she ends up panicked. This is the 2nd time in a month. Last time my son came over for supper and fixed it, but didn’t elaborate to me what the problem was, or how he fixed it this time.
She told me it only happens when she tries to get recipes for Swedish Meatballs!
Anyway, I updated the virus scanner and it spent 4 hours scanning, and nothing was found. It turns out that some site takes over the browser when she goes hunting for recipes.
The 4 hours to scan was becoming a problem, so I took a 2014 I5 based Dell laptop and fired up the USB that I had been using to test FT10 recently for PPC’s project. I added gnome-games, with aisleriot, and the HP printing utilities, added the things she likes to do to the toolbar and remastered it. With a few minutes of showing how to boot it and set it up to run the programs she wanted at the end of the boot via startup, and she lasted the day doing her browsing and emails and game playing without any problems or questions.
After work, by the end of the day the scan had finished, so while she was fixing supper, I shut down the antiX 21 FT10 laptop, and Win/10 desktop, and rebooted the desktop with the flashdrive I had created for the laptop, adjusted startups, default browser tabs and toolbar again, and remastered it. I helped her test it by having her do the same search for Swedish Meatball recipes, but she couldn’t recall which was the one that caused the virus attack, so we tried them all.
She has been using it all week that way, and it hasn’t told her to call Microsoft for a whole week. With the FT10 she has barely noticed that she isn’t using MS Win and no longer has any performance complaints, either. She did ask about the trash. She was very worried about that. I told her I’d show her. PPC’s most recent FT10 has it built in 🙂
So I just wanted to say Thanks to Everyone that has contributed to make antiX as fast and resilient as it is, and to PPC and his FT10 that passed my wife’s test!
For normal people, these attacks, and trying to recover, with scans, and support issues are very scary. It was great to be able to rescue the situation.



